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WDS65 - Attribute Selecting in CSS

In the last article, we learned about creating tooltips using CSS and we can now place help text on web pages easily using CSS. While using CSS so far, we are selecting elements by their tags, class or id. Today we are going to learn to select elements based on attributes they have so that you can select elements more easily. 
Let's begin...

CSS [attribute] Selector

With the help of [attribute] selector, we can select elements with the help of specified attribute. To select all the images with attribute alt, we can write following CSS:
img[alt] {
    border: 1px solid black;
}
This code selects all the images which have alt attribute and apply a border to them.

CSS [attribute="value"] Selector

With the help of [attribute="value"] selector, we can select elements with the help of specified attribute and value. To select all the images with attribute alt and its value equal to nature, we can write following CSS:
img[alt="nature"] {
    border: 1px solid black;
}

CSS [attribute~="value"] Selector

With the help of [attribute~="value"] selector, we can select elements with the help of specified attribute and value containing specified word. To select all the images with attribute alt and its value containing word nature, we can write following CSS:
img[alt~="nature"] {
    border: 1px solid black;
}
This will select values like "nature", "beautiful nature" but not like "tree", "badnature". That is value should contain that word in space separated format.

CSS [attribute*="value"] Selector

With the help of [attribute*="value"] selector, we can select elements with the help of specified attribute and value containing specified word. To select all the images with attribute alt and its value containing word nature, we can write following CSS:
img[alt*="nature"] {
    border: 1px solid black;
}
This will select values like "nature", "beautiful nature","badnature". That means value does not need to b the whole word.

CSS [attribute|="value"] Selector

With the help of [attribute|="value"] selector, we can select elements with the help of specified attribute and value starting with the specified word. To select all the images with attribute alt and its value starting with word nature, we can write following CSS:
img[alt|="nature"] {
    border: 1px solid black;
}
The value should be alone the whole word or followed by a hyphen and then another word. That means "nature-good", "nature bad" will be selected but "natureBad" will not be selected.

CSS [attribute^="value"] Selector

With the help of [attribute^="value"] selector, we can select elements with the help of specified attribute and value starting with the specified word. To select all the images with attribute alt and its value starting with word nature, we can write following CSS:

 img[alt^="nature"] {
    border: 1px solid black;
}

 The value should not be whole word. That means "nature-good", "nature bad" will be selected but "natureBad" will also be selected.

CSS [attribute$="value"] Selector

With the help of [attribute$="value"] selector, we can select elements with the help of specified attribute and value ending with the specified word. To select all the images with attribute alt and its value ending with word nature, we can write following CSS:
img[alt$="nature"] {
    border: 1px solid black;
}
This will select values like "nature", "beautiful nature" ,"badnature". That is value need not to be the whole word.

 That's all for today. Today we learned 7 ways to select HTML elements in CSS using attributes and values. This will make the process of selcting elements in some cases. In next article, we are going to learn about customizing forms using CSS.
Till the #keepCoding.



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