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WDS4 - HTML Attributes and Some Important Rules

In the last article we learned:
  • HTML Headings
  • Paragraphs
  • Links
  • Images
Now we are 3 rules that we should always follow:
  1. Although HTML tags are not case sensitive which means you can use either <p> or <P> for paragraph tags, you should always use lowercase tags as many standards use same in their documentation and you will form a good habit.
  2. You should never forget end tag in HTML. In some cases, the document will be displayed perfectly without using end tag but consider it as just a coincidence. In many cases, it will produce wrong or undesirable output.
  3. In last class when we learned about attributes which consist of name and value pair, always use them as name="value". Although quotes(") are not necessary, it is a good habit to use them.You can use both single or double quotes but double quotes are preferable. You have to use single quotes when value itself contains double quotes.
Two important notes:
  1. You can use HTML tags in nested form(in fact you are already using it). In all the examples we are writing all our document inside <html> and </html> tags that means our all other tags are nested in between this tags. Similarly, you can use heading tag inside paragraph tag to create heading inside the paragraph.  
  2. There are some elements which do not require any content. HTML elements with no content are called empty elements.<br> is an empty element without a closing tag (the <br> tag defines a line break).Empty elements can be "closed" in the opening tag like this: <br />. HTML5 does not require you to close empty elements.

HTML Attributes

In last tutorial(WDS3), while learning HTML links and image tags we studied a new concept called attributes. Now let's study them in detail:
  • Attributes provide more control/ information about elements.
  • Attributes are always specified in the starting tag of tags pair.
  • For name and value pair of attributes, attributes are written as name="value".
Now let's see some attributes and their uses: 
  • href - HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. The link address is specified in the href attribute. We have done an example in WDS3.
  • src - Used in <img> tag for displaying image. It represents the source of an image.
  • width and height - To represent width and height of an image.
  • alt - Represents alternative text used when an image is not displayed.
  • title -  This attribute is used in paragraph element inside <p> tag. The value of the title attribute will be displayed as a tooltip when you mouse over the paragraph.  
That's all for this article. In the next part, we will learn about attributes used in HTML.Comment on how you think this article is, what improvements should I do and for any doubts. Share with your friends and keep coding.

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